The International Organization For Standardization (ISO) facilitates the creation of voluntary standards through a process that is open to all parties. ISO 7816 is the international standard for integrated-circuit cards (commonly known as smart cards) that use electrical contacts on the card, as well as cards that communicate with readers and terminals without contacts, as with radio frequency (RF/Contactless) technology. Anyone interested in obtaining a technical understanding of smart cards needs to become familiar with what ISO 7816 and 14443 does NOT cover as well as what it does. Copies of these standards can be purchased through ANSI American National Standards Institute: www.ansi.org . Copies of ISO standards are for sale at www.iso.org.
Application-specific properties are being debated with many large organizations and groups proposing their standards. Open system card interoperability should apply at several levels: 1). To the card itself, 2). The card’s access terminals (readers), 3). The networks and 4). The card issuers’ own systems. Open system card interoperability will only be achieved by conformance to international standards. This site’s sponsors are committed to compliance with ISO and ITSEC security standards as well as industry initiatives such as EMV, the Global Platform and PC/SC specifications.
පහල තියන ඇඩ් එකට ක්ලික් එකක් දෙන්න පුලුවන්නම් ලොකු උදව්වක්
